因项目需要,分析了一下 Facebook 的开源项目 - Device Year Class。
Device Year Class 的主要功能是根据 CPU核数、时钟频率 以及 内存大小 对设备进行分级。代码很简单,只包含两个类:
DeviceInfo -> 获取设备参数,
YearClass -> 根据参数进行分级。
下表是 Facebook 公司提供的分级标准,其中 Year 栏表示分级结果。
Year
Cores
Clock
RAM
2008
1
528MHz
192MB
2009
n/a
600MHz
290MB
2010
n/a
1.0GHz
512MB
2011
2
1.2GHz
1GB
2012
4
1.5GHz
1.5GB
2013
n/a
2.0GHz
2GB
2014
n/a
>2GHz
>2GB
关于输出年份的计算方法可以参考源码,本文只把一些比较常用的功能抽取出来做一个简要介绍。
获取 CPU 核数
我们都知道,Linux 中的设备都是以文件的形式存在,CPU 也不例外,因此 CPU 的文件个数就等价与核数。
Android 的 CPU 设备文件位于 /sys/devices/system/cpu/ 目录,文件名的的格式为 cpud+。
root@generic_x86_64:/sys/devices/system/cpu # ls cpu0 cpufreq cpuidle kernel_max modalias offline online possible power present uevent
统计一下文件个数便可以获得 CPU 核数。
public static int getNumberOfCPUCores() { if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.GINGERBREAD_MR1) { // Gingerbread doesn't support giving a single application access to both cores, but a // handful of devices (Atrix 4G and Droid X2 for example) were released with a dual-core // chipset and Gingerbread; that can let an app in the background run without impacting // the foreground application. But for our purposes, it makes them single core. return 1; } int cores; try { cores = new File("/sys/devices/system/cpu/").listFiles(CPU_FILTER).length; } catch (SecurityException e) { cores = DEVICEINFO_UNKNOWN; } catch (NullPointerException e) { cores = DEVICEINFO_UNKNOWN; } return cores; } private static final FileFilter CPU_FILTER = new FileFilter() { @Override public boolean accept(File pathname) { String path = pathname.getName(); //regex is slow, so checking char by char. if (path.startsWith("cpu")) { for (int i = 3; i < path.length(); i++) { if (path.charAt(i) < '0' || path.charAt(i) > '9') { return false; } } return true; } return false; } };
获取时钟频率
获取时钟频率需要读取系统文件 - /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_max_freq 或者 /proc/cpuinfo。
我的 Android 模拟器中并没有 cpuinfo_max_freq 文件,因此只能读取 /proc/cpuinfo。
/proc/cpuinfo 包含了很多 cpu 数据。
processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 70 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4770HQ CPU @ 2.20GHz stepping : 1 cpu MHz : 0.000 cache size : 1024 KB fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 4 wp : yes
代码如下:
public static int getCPUMaxFreqKHz() { int maxFreq = DEVICEINFO_UNKNOWN; try { for (int i = 0; i < getNumberOfCPUCores(); i++) { String filename = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu" + i + "/cpufreq/cpuinfo_max_freq"; File cpuInfoMaxFreqFile = new File(filename); if (cpuInfoMaxFreqFile.exists()) { byte[] buffer = new byte[128]; FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream(cpuInfoMaxFreqFile); try { stream.read(buffer); int endIndex = 0; //Trim the first number out of the byte buffer. while (buffer[endIndex] >= '0' && buffer[endIndex] <= '9' && endIndex < buffer.length) endIndex++; String str = new String(buffer, 0, endIndex); Integer freqBound = Integer.parseInt(str); if (freqBound > maxFreq) maxFreq = freqBound; } catch (NumberFormatException e) { //Fall through and use /proc/cpuinfo. } finally { stream.close(); } } } if (maxFreq == DEVICEINFO_UNKNOWN) { FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream("/proc/cpuinfo"); try { int freqBound = parseFileForValue("cpu MHz", stream); freqBound *= 1000; //MHz -> kHz if (freqBound > maxFreq) maxFreq = freqBound; } finally { stream.close(); } } } catch (IOException e) { maxFreq = DEVICEINFO_UNKNOWN; //Fall through and return unknown. } return maxFreq; }
获取内存大小
如果 SDK 版本大于等于 JELLY_BEAN ,可以通过 ActivityManager 来获取内从大小。
ActivityManager.MemoryInfo memInfo = new ActivityManager.MemoryInfo(); ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) c.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE); am.getMemoryInfo(memInfo);
如果版本低于 JELLY_BEAN ,则只能读取系统文件了。
FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream("/proc/meminfo"); totalMem = parseFileForValue("MemTotal", stream);
完整代码如下:
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN) public static long getTotalMemory(Context c) { // memInfo.totalMem not supported in pre-Jelly Bean APIs. if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN) { ActivityManager.MemoryInfo memInfo = new ActivityManager.MemoryInfo(); ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) c.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE); am.getMemoryInfo(memInfo); if (memInfo != null) { return memInfo.totalMem; } else { return DEVICEINFO_UNKNOWN; } } else { long totalMem = DEVICEINFO_UNKNOWN; try { FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream("/proc/meminfo"); try { totalMem = parseFileForValue("MemTotal", stream); totalMem *= 1024; } finally { stream.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { } return totalMem; } }
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