这篇文章主要实现了在Android中使用JDK的HttpURLConnection和Apache的HttpClient访问网络资源，服务端采用python+flask编写，使用Servlet太麻烦了。关于Http协议的相关知识，可以在网上查看相关资料。代码比较简单，就不详细解释了。

1. 使用JDK中HttpURLConnection访问网络资源

(1)get请求

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public

String executeHttpGet() {

    String

result = null;

    URL

url = null;

    HttpURLConnection

connection = null;

    InputStreamReader

in = null;

    try

{

        url

= new

URL("http://10.0.2.2:8888/data/get/?token=alexzhou");

        connection

= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

        in

= new

InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream());

        BufferedReader

bufferedReader = new

BufferedReader(in);

        StringBuffer

strBuffer = new

StringBuffer();

        String

line = null;

        while

((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null)
{

            strBuffer.append(line);

        }

        result

= strBuffer.toString();

    } catch

(Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();

    } finally

{

        if

(connection != null)
{

            connection.disconnect();

        }

        if

(in != null)
{

            try

{

                in.close();

            } catch

(IOException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

        }

    }

    return

result;

}

注意：因为是通过android模拟器访问本地pc服务端，所以不能使用localhost和127.0.0.1，使用127.0.0.1会访问模拟器自身。Android系统为实现通信将PC的IP设置为10.0.2.2

(2)post请求

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public

String executeHttpPost() {

    String

result = null;

    URL

url = null;

    HttpURLConnection

connection = null;

    InputStreamReader

in = null;

    try

{

        url

= new

URL("http://10.0.2.2:8888/data/post/");

        connection

= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

        connection.setDoInput(true);

        connection.setDoOutput(true);

        connection.setRequestMethod("POST");

        connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

        connection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "utf-8");

        DataOutputStream

dop = new

DataOutputStream(

                connection.getOutputStream());

        dop.writeBytes("token=alexzhou");

        dop.flush();

        dop.close();

        in

= new

InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream());

        BufferedReader

bufferedReader = new

BufferedReader(in);

        StringBuffer

strBuffer = new

StringBuffer();

        String

line = null;

        while

((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null)
{

            strBuffer.append(line);

        }

        result

= strBuffer.toString();

    } catch

(Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();

    } finally

{

        if

(connection != null)
{

            connection.disconnect();

        }

        if

(in != null)
{

            try

{

                in.close();

            } catch

(IOException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

        }

    }

    return

result;

}

如果参数中有中文的话，可以使用下面的方式进行编码解码：

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1

2

URLEncoder.encode("测试","utf-8")

URLDecoder.decode("测试","utf-8");

2.使用Apache的HttpClient访问网络资源
(1)get请求

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public

String executeGet() {

    String

result = null;

    BufferedReader

reader = null;

    try

{

        HttpClient

client = new

DefaultHttpClient();

        HttpGet

request = new

HttpGet();

        request.setURI(new

URI(

                "http://10.0.2.2:8888/data/get/?token=alexzhou"));

        HttpResponse

response = client.execute(request);

        reader

= new

BufferedReader(new

InputStreamReader(response

                .getEntity().getContent()));

        StringBuffer

strBuffer = new

StringBuffer("");

        String

line = null;

        while

((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
{

            strBuffer.append(line);

        }

        result

= strBuffer.toString();

    } catch

(Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();

    } finally

{

        if

(reader != null)
{

            try

{

                reader.close();

                reader

= null;

            } catch

(IOException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

        }

    }

    return

result;

}

（2）post请求

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public

String executePost() {

    String

result = null;

    BufferedReader

reader = null;

    try

{

        HttpClient

client = new

DefaultHttpClient();

        HttpPost

request = new

HttpPost();

        request.setURI(new

URI("http://10.0.2.2:8888/data/post/"));

        List<NameValuePair>

postParameters = new

ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

        postParameters.add(new

BasicNameValuePair("token", "alexzhou"));

        UrlEncodedFormEntity

formEntity = new

UrlEncodedFormEntity(

                postParameters);

        request.setEntity(formEntity);

        HttpResponse

response = client.execute(request);

        reader

= new

BufferedReader(new

InputStreamReader(response

                .getEntity().getContent()));

        StringBuffer

strBuffer = new

StringBuffer("");

        String

line = null;

        while

((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
{

            strBuffer.append(line);

        }

        result

= strBuffer.toString();

    } catch

(Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();

    } finally

{

        if

(reader != null)
{

            try

{

                reader.close();

                reader

= null;

            } catch

(IOException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

        }

    }

    return

result;

}

3.服务端代码实现
上面是采用两种方式的get和post请求的代码，下面来实现服务端的代码编写，使用python+flask真的非常的简单，就一个文件，前提是你得搭建好python+flask的环境，代码如下：

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coding=utf-8

import

json

from

flask import

Flask,request,render_template

app =

Flask(name)

def

send_ok_json(data=None):

if

not
data:

    data =

{}

ok_json =

{'ok':True,'reason':'','data':data}

return

json.dumps(ok_json)

@app.route('/data/get/',methods=['GET'])

def

data_get():

token =

request.args.get('token')

ret =

'%s**%s'
%(token,'get')

return

send_ok_json(ret)

@app.route('/data/post/',methods=['POST'])

def

data_post():

token =

request.form.get('token')

ret =

'%s**%s'
%(token,'post')

return

send_ok_json(ret)

if

name ==

"main":

app.run(host="localhost",port=8888,debug=True)

运行服务器，如图：

4. 编写单元测试代码
右击项目：new–》Source Folder取名tests，包名是：com.alexzhou.androidhttp.test（随便取，没有要求），结构如图：

在该包下创建测试类HttpTest，继承自AndroidTestCase。编写这四种方式的测试方法，代码如下:

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public

class
HttpTest extends

AndroidTestCase {

@Override

protected

void
setUp() throws

Exception {

    Log.e("HttpTest", "setUp");

}

@Override

protected

void
tearDown() throws

Exception {

    Log.e("HttpTest", "tearDown");

}

public

void
testExecuteGet() {

    Log.e("HttpTest", "testExecuteGet");

    HttpClientTest

client = HttpClientTest.getInstance();

    String

result = client.executeGet();

    Log.e("HttpTest",

result);

}

public

void
testExecutePost() {

    Log.e("HttpTest", "testExecutePost");

    HttpClientTest

client = HttpClientTest.getInstance();

    String

result = client.executePost();

    Log.e("HttpTest",

result);

}

public

void
testExecuteHttpGet() {

    Log.e("HttpTest", "testExecuteHttpGet");

    HttpClientTest

client = HttpClientTest.getInstance();

    String

result = client.executeHttpGet();

    Log.e("HttpTest",

result);

}

public

void
testExecuteHttpPost() {

    Log.e("HttpTest", "testExecuteHttpPost");

    HttpClientTest

client = HttpClientTest.getInstance();

    String

result = client.executeHttpPost();

    Log.e("HttpTest",

result);

}

}

附上HttpClientTest.java的其他代码：

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public

class
HttpClientTest {

private

static
final
Object mSyncObject = new

Object();

private

static
HttpClientTest mInstance;

private

HttpClientTest() {

}

public

static
HttpClientTest getInstance() {

    synchronized

(mSyncObject) {

        if

(mInstance != null)
{

            return

mInstance;

        }

        mInstance

= new

HttpClientTest();

    }

    return

mInstance;

}

/*...上面的四个方法.../

}

现在还需要修改Android项目的配置文件AndroidManifest.xml，添加网络访问权限和单元测试的配置，AndroidManifest.xml配置文件的全部代码如下：

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<manifest

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&quot;

package="com.alexzhou.androidhttp"

android:versionCode="1"

android:versionName="1.0"

>

<uses-permission

android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"

/>

<uses-sdk

    android:minSdkVersion="8"

    android:targetSdkVersion="15"

/>

<application

    android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"

    android:label="@string/app_name"

    android:theme="@style/AppTheme"

>

    <uses-library

android:name="android.test.runner"

/>

    <activity

        android:name=".MainActivity"

        android:label="@string/title_activity_main"

>

        <intent-filter>

            <action

android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"

/>

            <category

android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"

/>

        </intent-filter>

    </activity>

</application>

<instrumentation

    android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"

    android:targetPackage="com.alexzhou.androidhttp"

/>

</manifest>

注意：
android:name=”android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner”这部分不用更改
android:targetPackage=”com.alexzhou.androidhttp”，填写应用程序的包名

5.测试结果
展开测试类HttpTest，依次选中这四个测试方法，右击：Run As–》Android Junit Test。
(1)运行testExecuteHttpGet，结果如图：
(2)运行testExecuteHttpPost，结果如图：
(3)运行testExecuteGet，结果如图：
(4)运行testExecutePost，结果如图：

转载请注明来自：Alex
Zhou，本文链接：http://codingnow.cn/android/723.html