Android学习【Android内核编译流程和错误笔记】

博客：http://blog.csdn.net/muyang_ren
Ubuntu14.04 LTS(要求是64位长期支持版LTS)
Jdk1.8
内核：android4.0

一：jdk

1、解压jdk，获得路径

2、
sudo vim /etc/environment
修改为：

PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/home/lhy/jdk/jdk1.8.0_45/bin"
JAVA_HOME="/home/lhy/jdk/jdk1.8.0_45"
CLASSPATH=".:/home/lhy/jdk/jdk1.8.0_45/lib"

3、source /etc/environment

二：ubuntu配置
需要注意jdk的版本和编译器gcc、g++的版本问题，
官网配置：http://source.android.com/source/initializing.html
Ubuntu14.04：

sudo apt-get install bison g++-multilib git gperf libxml2-utils make python-networkx zlib1g-dev:i386 zip

把下面出现错误需要安装的都放在这了
sudo apt-get install gcc-4.4-multilib
sudo apt-get install g++-4.4-multilib
sudo apt-get install flex
sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev
sudo apt-get install lib32ncurses5-dev
sudo apt-get install libswitch-perl
sudo apt-get install u-boot-tools 
sudo apt-get install gawk（这个是网上看到需要装的，我就提前安装就没出错了）

出现错误：

下列软件包有未满足的依赖关系：
 g++-multilib : 依赖: gcc-multilib (>= 4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6) 但是它将不会被安装
                依赖: g++ (>= 4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6) 但是它将不会被安装
E: 无法修正错误，因为您要求某些软件包保持现状，就是它们破坏了软件包间的依赖关系

处理方法：

sudo apt-get install g++
sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib

出现错误：

Checking build tools versions...
************************************************************
You are attempting to build with the incorrect version
of java.

Your version is: java version "1.8.0_45".
The correct version is: Java SE 1.6.

Please follow the machine setup instructions at
    http://source.android.com/source/download.html
************************************************************
build/core/main.mk:131: *** stop。 停止。

解决办法，

使用jdk 1.6
PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/home/lhy/jdk/jdk1.6.0_29/bin"

JAVA_HOME="/home/lhy/jdk/jdk1.6.0_29"
CLASSPATH=".:/home/lhy/jdk/jdk1.6.0_29/lib"

出现错误：

g++: selected multilib '32' not installed
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aapt_intermediates/aapt] 错误 1

解决办法：

需要安装gcc、g++的multilib包，直接执行下面的命令，会自动安装g++、gcc的multilib包；
    sudo apt-get install g++-4.4-multilib

出现错误（这个其实可以忽略）：

注意：某些输入文件使用或覆盖了已过时的 API。
注意：要了解详细信息，请使用 -Xlint:deprecation 重新编译。
注意：某些输入文件使用了未经检查或不安全的操作。
注意：要了解详细信息，请使用 -Xlint:unchecked 重新编译。

解决办法（手敲，别tab键，机不好会卡好久）：make update-api

出现错误：

/bin/bash: flex: command not found
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aidl_intermediates/aidl_language_l.cpp] Error 127

解决办法：

sudo apt-get install flex

出现错误：

host C: adb <= system/core/adb/transport_usb.c
host C: adb <= system/core/adb/commandline.c
host C: adb <= system/core/adb/adb_client.c
host C: adb <= system/core/adb/sockets.c
host C: adb <= system/core/adb/services.c
host C: adb <= system/core/adb/file_sync_client.c
host C: adb <= system/core/adb/get_my_path_linux.c
host C: adb <= system/core/adb/usb_linux.c
host C: adb <= system/core/adb/utils.c
host C: adb <= system/core/adb/usb_vendors.c
host C: adb <= system/core/adb/fdevent.c
host Executable: adb (out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/adb_intermediates/adb)
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lncurses
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/adb_intermediates/adb] 错误 1

解决办法：

sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev

发现错误：

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lncurses
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/adb_intermediates/adb] 错误 1

解决办法:

sudo apt-get install lib32ncurses5-dev

发现错误：

dalvik/vm/native/dalvik_system_Zygote.cpp: In function ‘int setrlimitsFromArray(ArrayObject*)’:
dalvik/vm/native/dalvik_system_Zygote.cpp:194: error: aggregate ‘rlimit rlim’ has incomplete type and cannot be defined
dalvik/vm/native/dalvik_system_Zygote.cpp:217: error: ‘setrlimit’ was not declared in this scope
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/SHARED_LIBRARIES/libdvm_intermediates/native/dalvik_system_Zygote.o] 错误 1

解决办法：

$ vim dalvik/vm/native/dalvik_system_Zygote.cpp
添加头文件
 #include <sys/resource.h>

发现错误：

Can't locate Switch.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Switch module) (@INC contains: /etc/perl 
/usr/local/lib/perl/5.18.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.18.2 /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 
/usr/lib/perl/5.18 /usr/share/perl/5.18 /usr/local/lib/site_perl .) at 
external/webkit/Source/WebCore/make-hash-tools.pl line 23.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at external/webkit/Source/WebCore/make-hash-tools.pl line 23.

解决办法：

sudo apt-get install libswitch-perl 

出现错误：

/bin/bash: mkimage: 未找到命令
make: *** [out/target/product/fs210/ramdisk.img] 错误 127
make: *** 正在删除文件“out/target/product/fs210/ramdisk.img”

解决办法：

sudo apt-get install uboot-mkimage
**如果出现以下提示**
---------------------------------------------------------
现在没有可用的软件包 uboot-mkimage，但是它被其它的软件包引用了。
这可能意味着这个缺失的软件包可能已被废弃，
或者只能在其他发布源中找到
可是下列软件包取代了它：
  u-boot-tools:i386 u-boot-tools

E: 软件包 uboot-mkimage 没有可供安装的候选者
---------------------------------------------------------
**就安装以下工具**
sudo apt-get install u-boot-tools

发现错误：

frameworks/base/include/utils/KeyedVector.h: In instantiation of ‘const VALUE& android::DefaultKeyedVector<KEY, VALUE>::valueFor(const KEY&) const [with KEY = android::String8; VALUE = android::wp<android::AssetManager::SharedZip>]’:
frameworks/base/libs/utils/AssetManager.cpp:1797:44:   required from here
frameworks/base/include/utils/KeyedVector.h:193:31: error: ‘indexOfKey’ was not declared in this scope, and no declarations were found by argument-dependent lookup at the point of instantiation [-fpermissive]
     ssize_t i = indexOfKey(key);
                               ^
frameworks/base/include/utils/KeyedVector.h:193:31: note: declarations in dependent base ‘android::KeyedVector<android::String8, android::wp<android::AssetManager::SharedZip> >’ are not found by unqualified lookup
frameworks/base/include/utils/KeyedVector.h:193:31: note: use ‘this->indexOfKey’ instead
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libutils_intermediates/AssetManager.o] 错误 1

解决办法：

更换gcc和g++的版本
1.lhy@Ubuntu-14:~$ cd /usr/bin/

2.查看gcc和g++文件
lhy@Ubuntu-14:/usr/bin$ ls -l gcc*
        lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      7  6月 30 18:38 gcc -> gcc-4.8
        -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 255080  3月 20  2014 gcc-4.4
        -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 775888  5月 15 02:54 gcc-4.8
        lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     10  6月 30 18:38 gcc-ar -> gcc-ar-4.8
        -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  26968  5月 15 02:54 gcc-ar-4.8
        lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     10  6月 30 18:38 gcc-nm -> gcc-nm-4.8
        -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  26968  5月 15 02:54 gcc-nm-4.8
        lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     14  6月 30 18:38 gcc-ranlib -> gcc-ranlib-4.8
        -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  26968  5月 15 02:54 gcc-ranlib-4.8
lhy@Ubuntu-14:/usr/bin$ ls -l g++*
        lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      7  4月  8  2014 g++ -> g++-4.8
        -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 259176  3月 20  2014 g++-4.4
        -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 775888  5月 15 02:40 g++-4.8

3.将之前的备份：
lhy@Ubuntu-14:/usr/bin$ sudo mv gcc gcc.bak
lhy@Ubuntu-14:/usr/bin$ sudo mv g++ g++.bak

4.创建新的gcc和g++链接
lhy@Ubuntu-14:/usr/bin$ sudo ln -s gcc-4.4 gcc
lhy@Ubuntu-14:/usr/bin$ sudo ln -s g++-4.4 g++

5.查看gcc和g++版本
lhy@Ubuntu-14:/usr/bin$ gcc -v
lhy@Ubuntu-14:/usr/bin$ g++ -v

出现以下内容，编译成功

mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk -C none -a 0x30A00000 -n "ramdisk" -d out/target/product/fs210/ramdisk.img out/target/product/fs210/ramdisk-uboot.img
Image Name:   ramdisk
Created:      Mon Jun 29 03:49:56 2015
Image Type:   ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed)
Data Size:    165454 Bytes = 161.58 kB = 0.16 MB
Load Address: 30a00000
Entry Point:  30a00000
Target userdata fs image: out/target/product/fs210/userdata.img
in mkuserimg.sh PATH=out/host/linux-x86/bin/:/home/lhy/jdk/jdk1.6.0_29/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/us
r/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/
local/games:/home/lhy/jdk/jdk1.6.0_29/bin:/home/lhy/src_21
0/android4.0-fs210_v2/out/host/linux-x86/bin:/home/lhy/src_210/android4.0-
fs210_v2/prebuilt/linux-x86/toolchain/arm-linux-
androideabi-4.4.x/bin:/home/lhy/src_210/android4.0-
fs210_v2/development/emulator/qtools:/home/lhy/src_210/and
roid4.0-fs210_v2/prebuilt/linux-x86/toolchain/arm-linux-
androideabi-4.4.x/bin:/home/lhy/src_210/android4.0-
fs210_v2/prebuilt/linux-x86/toolchain/arm-eabi-4.4.3/bin
make_ext4fs -s -l 536870912 -a data out/target/product/fs210/userdata.img out/target/product/fs210/data
Creating filesystem with parameters:
    Size: 536870912
    Block size: 4096
    Blocks per group: 32768
    Inodes per group: 8192
    Inode size: 256
    Journal blocks: 2048
    Label: 
    Blocks: 131072
    Block groups: 4
    Reserved block group size: 31
Created filesystem with 20/32768 inodes and 4234/131072 blocks
out/target/product/fs210/userdata.img total size is 10797456

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