这篇文章主要介绍“SpringBoot整合Quartz及异步调用的方法是什么”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在SpringBoot整合Quartz及异步调用的方法是什么问题上存在疑惑，小编查阅了各式资料，整理出简单好用的操作方法，希望对大家解答”SpringBoot整合Quartz及异步调用的方法是什么”的疑惑有所帮助！接下来，请跟着小编一起来学习吧！
一、异步方法调用
由于多个任务同时执行时，默认为单线程，所以我们用异步方法调用，使其成为多线程执行
看一个案例
1、导入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>
2、创建异步执行任务线程池
这里我们使用springboot自带的线程池
package com.lzl.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
@Configuration
public class AsyncExcutorPoolConfig implements AsyncConfigurer {
@Bean("asyncExecutor")
@Override
public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
//Spring自带的线程池（最常用）
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
//线程：IO密集型 和 CPU密集型
//线程设置参数
taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(8);//核心线程数，根据电脑的核数
taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(16);//最大线程数一般为核心线程数的2倍
taskExecutor.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true);//任务执行完成后关闭
return taskExecutor;
}
}注意注解不要少
3、创建业务层接口和实现类
package com.lzl.Service;
/**
* --效率，是成功的核心关键--
*
* @Author lzl
* @Date 2023/3/7 09:42
*/
public interface AsyncService {
void testAsync1();
void testAsync2();
}package com.lzl.Service.impl;
import com.lzl.Service.AsyncService;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* --效率，是成功的核心关键--
*
* @Author lzl
* @Date 2023/3/7 09:43
*/
@Service
public class AsyncImpl implements AsyncService {
@Async
@Override
public void testAsync1() {
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("精准是唯一重要的标准！");
}
@Async("asyncExecutor")//开启异步执行
@Override
public void testAsync2() {
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("效率是成功的核心关键！");
}
}4、创建业务层接口和实现类
package com.lzl.task;
import com.lzl.Service.AsyncService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* --效率，是成功的核心关键--
*
* @Author lzl
* @Date 2023/3/7 09:40
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/login")
public class LoginController {
@Autowired
private AsyncService service;
@RequestMapping("/Async1")
public String testAsync1(){
service.testAsync1();
return "牛逼！";
}
@RequestMapping("/Async2")
public String testAsync2(){
service.testAsync2();
return "不牛逼！";
}
}在启动类开启异步
整体目录结构如下：
测试：
运行项目，访问controller
访问controller时，页面直接出现返回值，控制台过了两秒打印文字，证明异步执行成功！
二、测试定时任务
1.导入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>
2.编写测试类，开启扫描定时任务
package com.lzl.task;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* --效率，是成功的核心关键--
*
* @Author lzl
* @Date 2023/3/7 10:42
*/
//任务类
@Configuration
public class Tasks {
@Async
@Scheduled(cron = "*/2 * * * * ?")
public void task1(){
System.out.println("效率"+new Date().toLocaleString());
}
@Async
@Scheduled(cron = "*/1 * * * * ?")
public void task2(){
System.out.println("精准"+new Date().toLocaleString());
}
}3.测试
三、实现定时发送邮件案例
这里以QQ邮箱为例，这个功能类似于通过邮箱找回密码类似，需要我们进行授权码操作
1.邮箱开启IMAP服务
登陆QQ邮箱，找到帐户，下拉
看到如下图：
我这里已经开启了，按照步骤操作，会有一个授权码，保存好下边步骤要用，此处不再演示
2.导入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 邮箱 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>
3.导入EmailUtil
package com.lzl.utils;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Random;
/**
* --效率，是成功的核心关键--
*
* @Author lzl
* @Date 2023/3/7 11:44
*/
public class EmailUtil {
private static final String USER = "@qq.com"; // 发件人邮箱地址
private static final String PASSWORD = ""; // qq邮箱的客户端授权码（需要发短信获取）
/**
* @param to 收件人邮箱地址
* @param text 邮件正文
* @param title 标题
*/
/* 发送验证信息的邮件 */
public static boolean sendMail(String to, String text, String title) {
try {
final Properties props = new Properties();
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.qq.com");
// 发件人的账号
props.put("mail.user", USER);
//发件人的密码
props.put("mail.password", PASSWORD);
// 构建授权信息，用于进行SMTP进行身份验证
Authenticator authenticator = new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
// 用户名、密码
String userName = props.getProperty("mail.user");
String password = props.getProperty("mail.password");
return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
}
};
// 使用环境属性和授权信息，创建邮件会话
Session mailSession = Session.getInstance(props, authenticator);
// 创建邮件消息
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(mailSession);
// 设置发件人
String username = props.getProperty("mail.user");
InternetAddress form = new InternetAddress(username);
message.setFrom(form);
// 设置收件人
InternetAddress toAddress = new InternetAddress(to);
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);
// 设置邮件标题
message.setSubject(title);
// 设置邮件的内容体
message.setContent(text, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 发送邮件
Transport.send(message);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
//随机生成num个数字验证码
public static String getValidateCode(int num) {
Random random = new Random();
String validateCode = "";
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
//0 - 9 之间 随机生成 num 次
int result = random.nextInt(10);
validateCode += result;
}
return validateCode;
}
//测试
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//给指定邮箱发送邮件
EmailUtil.sendMail("729953102@qq.com", "你好，这是一封测试邮件，无需回复。", "测试邮件随机生成的验证码是：" + getValidateCode(6));
System.out.println("发送成功");
}
}4.编写邮件发送方法
package com.lzl.task;
import com.lzl.utils.EmailUtil;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
/**
* --效率，是成功的核心关键--
*
* @Author lzl
* @Date 2023/3/7 11:45
*/
@Configuration
public class TaskEmail {
//指定时间进行发送邮件
@Scheduled(cron = "10 49 11 * * ?")
public void sendMail(){
EmailUtil.sendMail("自己的邮箱@qq.com", "效率，是成功的核心关键！", "测试邮件随机生成的验证码是：" + EmailUtil.getValidateCode(6));
}
}5.开启异步和定时任务
package com.lzl;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAsync//开启异步
@EnableScheduling//开启定时任务
public class QuartzStudyApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(QuartzStudyApplication.class, args);
}
}