这篇文章主要介绍“怎么用Java编写不贪吃蛇游戏”的相关知识，小编通过实际案例向大家展示操作过程，操作方法简单快捷，实用性强，希望这篇“怎么用Java编写不贪吃蛇游戏”文章能帮助大家解决问题。
代码
蛇、药丸的抽象
坐标 Point.java
记录横纵坐标值。
package cn.xeblog.snake.model;
import java.util.Objects;
/**
* 坐标
*
* @author anlingyi
* @date 2022/8/2 3:35 PM
*/
public class Point {
public int x;
public int y;
public Point(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o) return true;
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
Point point = (Point) o;
return x == point.x && y == point.y;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return Objects.hash(x, y);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Point{" +
"x=" + x +
", y=" + y +
'}';
}
}移动方向 Direction.java
提供上、下、左、右四个移动方向的枚举。
package cn.xeblog.snake.model;
/**
* @author anlingyi
* @date 2022/8/2 5:25 PM
*/
public enum Direction {
UP,
DOWN,
LEFT,
RIGHT
}蛇 Snake.java
存储蛇身坐标信息，提供蛇身移动、移除蛇尾坐标、获取蛇头、蛇尾坐标、蛇身长度等方法。
这里讲一下蛇移动的实现原理：游戏开始时，会固定一个移动方向，蛇会一直朝着这个方向移动，我们可以通过方向键改变蛇的移动方向，蛇的移动其实就是将蛇身的坐标移动一下位置，比如蛇身长度（不包含蛇头）为6，移动时，只需将蛇身位置为5的坐标移到位置为6的坐标去，位置为4的坐标移动到位置为5的坐标去，简单来说就是将前一个的坐标换到它后面一个去，这是蛇身的移动，蛇头的移动需要单独计算，如果是上下方向移动，那就是对y坐标的加减操作，向上运动需要减一个蛇身的高度，向下则与之相反，需要加一个蛇身的高度，左右运动同理。
package cn.xeblog.snake.model;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 蛇
*
* @author anlingyi
* @date 2022/8/2 3:32 PM
*/
public class Snake {
public static int width = 10;
public static int height = 10;
/**
* 蛇身坐标列表
*/
public List<Point> body;
public Snake(List<Point> body) {
this.body = body;
}
/**
* 添加蛇身坐标
*
* @param x
* @param y
*/
public void add(int x, int y) {
this.body.add(new Point(x * width, y * height));
}
/**
* 移除蛇尾坐标
*/
public void removeLast() {
int size = size();
if (size == 0) {
return;
}
this.body.remove(size - 1);
}
/**
* 获取蛇头坐标
*
* @return
*/
public Point getHead() {
if (size() > 0) {
return this.body.get(0);
}
return null;
}
/**
* 获取蛇尾坐标
*
* @return
*/
public Point getTail() {
int size = size();
if (size > 0) {
return this.body.get(size - 1);
}
return null;
}
/**
* 蛇身长度
*
* @return
*/
public int size() {
return this.body.size();
}
/**
* 蛇移动
*
* @param direction 移动方向
*/
public void move(Direction direction) {
if (size() == 0) {
return;
}
for (int i = this.size() - 1; i > 0; i--) {
// 从蛇尾开始向前移动
Point point = this.body.get(i);
Point nextPoint = this.body.get(i - 1);
point.x = nextPoint.x;
point.y = nextPoint.y;
}
// 蛇头移动
Point head = getHead();
switch (direction) {
case UP:
head.y -= height;
break;
case DOWN:
head.y += height;
break;
case LEFT:
head.x -= width;
break;
case RIGHT:
head.x += width;
break;
}
}
}药丸 Pill.java
存储“药丸“的坐标、类型信息。
package cn.xeblog.snake.model;
/**
* 药丸
*
* @author anlingyi
* @date 2022/8/2 4:49 PM
*/
public class Pill {
public static int width = 10;
public static int height = 10;
/**
* 坐标
*/
public Point point;
/**
* 药丸类型
*/
public PillType pillType;
public enum PillType {
/**
* 红色药丸
*/
RED(5),
/**
* 蓝色药丸
*/
BLUE(2),
/**
* 绿色药丸
*/
GREEN(1),
;
/**
* 分数
*/
public int score;
PillType(int score) {
this.score = score;
}
}
public Pill(int x, int y, PillType pillType) {
this.point = new Point(x * width, y * height);
this.pillType = pillType;
}
}游戏界面
初始化一些信息，比如游戏界面的宽高、定时器、一些状态标识（是否停止游戏、游戏是否胜利）、监听一些按键事件（空格键开始/暂停游戏、四个方向键控制蛇移动的方向），绘制游戏画面。
当检测到游戏开始时，初始化蛇、“药丸”的位置信息，然后启动定时器每隔一段时间重新绘制游戏画面，让蛇可以动起来。
当检测到蛇咬到自己或者是蛇撞墙时，游戏状态将会被标记为“游戏失败”，绘制游戏结束画面，并且定时器停止，如果蛇身为0，则游戏结束，游戏状态标记为“游戏胜利”。
package cn.xeblog.snake.ui;
import cn.xeblog.snake.model.Direction;
import cn.xeblog.snake.model.Pill;
import cn.xeblog.snake.model.Point;
import cn.xeblog.snake.model.Snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Random;
/**
* @author anlingyi
* @date 2022/8/2 3:51 PM
*/
public class SnakeGameUI extends JPanel implements ActionListener {
/**
* 宽度
*/
private int width;
/**
* 高度
*/
private int height;
/**
* 蛇
*/
private Snake snake;
/**
* 药丸
*/
private Pill pill;
/**
* 移动方向
*/
private Direction direction;
/**
* 停止游戏标记
*/
private boolean stop;
/**
* 游戏状态 0.初始化 1.游戏胜利 2.游戏失败
*/
private int state = -1;
/**
* 定时器
*/
private Timer timer;
/**
* 移动速度
*/
private int speed = 100;
/**
* 分数
*/
private int score;
/**
* 特殊药丸列表
*/
private ArrayList<Pill.PillType> specialPill;
public SnakeGameUI(int width, int height) {
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
this.timer = new Timer(speed, this);
this.stop = true;
initPanel();
}
/**
* 初始化
*/
private void init() {
this.score = 0;
this.state = 0;
this.stop = true;
this.timer.setDelay(speed);
initSnake();
initPill();
generatePill();
repaint();
}
/**
* 初始化游戏面板
*/
private void initPanel() {
this.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(this.width, this.height));
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
if (stop && e.getKeyCode() != KeyEvent.VK_SPACE) {
return;
}
switch (e.getKeyCode()) {
case KeyEvent.VK_UP:
if (direction == Direction.DOWN) {
break;
}
direction = Direction.UP;
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN:
if (direction == Direction.UP) {
break;
}
direction = Direction.DOWN;
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:
if (direction == Direction.RIGHT) {
break;
}
direction = Direction.LEFT;
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:
if (direction == Direction.LEFT) {
break;
}
direction = Direction.RIGHT;
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_SPACE:
if (state != 0) {
init();
}
stop = !stop;
if (!stop) {
timer.start();
}
break;
}
}
});
}
/**
* 初始化蛇
*/
private void initSnake() {
this.direction = Direction.LEFT;
int maxX = this.width / Snake.width;
int maxY = this.height / Snake.height;
this.snake = new Snake(new ArrayList<>());
this.snake.add(maxX - 2, 3);
this.snake.add(maxX - 1, 3);
this.snake.add(maxX - 1, 2);
this.snake.add(maxX - 1, 1);
for (int i = maxX - 1; i > 0; i--) {
this.snake.add(i, 1);
}
for (int i = 1; i < maxY - 1; i++) {
this.snake.add(1, i);
}
for (int i = 1; i < maxX - 1; i++) {
this.snake.add(i, maxY - 2);
}
}
/**
* 初始化药丸
*/
private void initPill() {
this.specialPill = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
this.specialPill.add(Pill.PillType.RED);
}
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
this.specialPill.add(Pill.PillType.BLUE);
}
Collections.shuffle(specialPill);
}
/**
* 生成药丸
*/
private void generatePill() {
// 是否获取特殊药丸
boolean getSpecialPill = new Random().nextInt(6) == 3;
Pill.PillType pillType;
if (getSpecialPill && this.specialPill.size() > 0) {
// 生成特殊药丸
int index = new Random().nextInt(this.specialPill.size());
pillType = this.specialPill.get(index);
this.specialPill.remove(index);
} else {
// 生成绿色药丸
pillType = Pill.PillType.GREEN;
}
// 随机坐标
int x = new Random().nextInt(this.width / Pill.width - 1);
int y = new Random().nextInt(this.height / Pill.height - 1);
this.pill = new Pill(x, y, pillType);
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON);
g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
g2.setColor(new Color(66, 66, 66));
g2.fillRect(0, 0, this.width, this.height);
if (this.snake != null) {
// 画蛇
g2.setColor(new Color(255, 255, 255));
for (int i = this.snake.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
Point point = this.snake.body.get(i);
if (i == 0) {
// 蛇头
g2.setColor(new Color(255, 92, 92));
} else {
g2.setColor(new Color(215, 173, 173));
}
g2.fillRect(point.x, point.y, Snake.width, Snake.height);
}
}
if (this.pill != null) {
// 画药丸
Color pillColor;
switch (this.pill.pillType) {
case RED:
pillColor = new Color(255, 41, 41);
break;
case BLUE:
pillColor = new Color(20, 250, 243);
break;
default:
pillColor = new Color(97, 255, 113);
break;
}
g2.setColor(pillColor);
g2.fillOval(pill.point.x, pill.point.y, Pill.width, Pill.height);
}
if (state > 0) {
// 显示游戏结果
String tips = "游戏失败！";
if (state == 1) {
tips = "游戏胜利！";
}
g2.setFont(new Font("", Font.BOLD, 20));
g2.setColor(new Color(208, 74, 74));
g2.drawString(tips, this.width / 3, this.height / 3);
g2.setFont(new Font("", Font.PLAIN, 18));
g2.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g2.drawString("得分：" + this.score, this.width / 2, this.height / 3 + 50);
}
if (stop) {
g2.setFont(new Font("", Font.PLAIN, 18));
g2.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g2.drawString("按空格键开始/暂停游戏！", this.width / 4, this.height - 50);
}
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// 是否吃药
boolean isAte = false;
if (!this.stop) {
// 移动蛇
this.snake.move(this.direction);
Point head = this.snake.getHead();
if (head.equals(this.pill.point)) {
// 吃药了
isAte = true;
// 药丸分数
int getScore = this.pill.pillType.score;
// 累计分数
this.score += getScore;
for (int i = 0; i < getScore; i++) {
// 移除蛇尾
this.snake.removeLast();
if (this.snake.size() == 0) {
// 游戏胜利
this.state = 1;
this.stop = true;
break;
}
}
pill = null;
if (this.score % 10 == 0) {
int curSpeed = this.timer.getDelay();
if (curSpeed > 30) {
// 加速
this.timer.setDelay(curSpeed - 10);
}
}
}
if (state == 0) {
// 判断蛇有没有咬到自己或是撞墙
int maxWidth = this.width - this.snake.width;
int maxHeight = this.height - this.snake.height;
boolean isHitWall = head.x > maxWidth || head.x < 0 || head.y > maxHeight || head.y < 0;
boolean isBiting = false;
for (int i = this.snake.size() - 1; i > 0; i--) {
if (head.equals(this.snake.body.get(i))) {
isBiting = true;
break;
}
}
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