这篇“怎么使用Matlab制作简单的粒子圣诞树”文章的知识点大部分人都不太理解，所以小编给大家总结了以下内容，内容详细，步骤清晰，具有一定的借鉴价值，希望大家阅读完这篇文章能有所收获，下面我们一起来看看这篇“怎么使用Matlab制作简单的粒子圣诞树”文章吧。
效果图：
这期就是非常简单的三个图形组合：
圣诞树主体
% 圣诞树形状生成函数 h0=25;r0=12;a0=.5.*pi; XFunc=@(h,r,a,z) (h-z)./h.*r.*cos(a.*z); YFunc=@(h,r,a,z) (h-z)./h.*r.*sin(a.*z); ZFunc=@(h,r,z) z+sqrt(12^2-((h-z)./h.*r).^2); % 生成最外圈散点 Z0=linspace(0,12.5,150); X0=XFunc(h0,r0,a0,Z0); Y0=YFunc(h0,r0,a0,Z0); % 生成中心点 ZC=ZFunc(h0,r0,Z0); t0=linspace(.05,1,25)'; % 生成树枝上的散点 treeXYZ=zeros([length(Z0)*length(t0),3]); for i=1:length(Z0) treeXYZ((i-1)*length(t0)+1:i*length(t0),:)=... [0,0,ZC(i)]+[X0(i),Y0(i),Z0(i)-ZC(i)].*t0; end % 绘制圣诞树 treeXYZ=treeXYZ+rand(size(treeXYZ))./3; treeCData=repmat([0,235,81]./255,[length(Z0)*length(t0),1]); treeCData=treeCData+rand(size(treeXYZ))./2; treeCData(treeCData>1)=1; scatter3(treeXYZ(:,1),treeXYZ(:,2),treeXYZ(:,3)-3,3,'o','filled','CData',treeCData,... 'MarkerFaceAlpha',.7,'MarkerEdgeColor','none')
主体就是锥形螺旋线和中轴之间连线上取的一些散点：
背景修饰
ax=gca; set(gcf,'Color',[22,32,51]./255); % 坐标区域修饰 set(ax,'XLim',[-27 27],'YLim',[-27,27],'ZLim',[-9,28],'PlotBoxAspectRatio',[1,1,.8],... 'XColor','none','YColor','none','ZColor','none','Color',[22,32,51]./255,'View',[-37.5,19.5],... 'Position',[-.5,-.2,2,1.4],'Tag',char([100,105,115,112,40,39,20316,32773,... 58,115,108,97,110,100,97,114,101,114,39,41]));eval(ax.Tag)
绘制地面
这里将距离中心点的距离映射为余弦函数：
% 绘制地面 [surfX,surfY]=meshgrid(linspace(-25,25,60)); surfZ=cos(hypot(surfX,surfY))-5; surfZ=surfZ+rand(size(surfX)).*1.2; surfX=surfX+rand(size(surfX))./1.8; surfY=surfY+rand(size(surfX))./1.8; scatter3(surfX,surfY,surfZ,3,'o','filled','CData',[91,131,253]./255,... 'MarkerFaceAlpha',.4,'MarkerEdgeColor','none')
水晶球
就是一个半透明的球:
% 绘制水晶球 [ballX,ballY,ballZ]=sphere(20); surf(ballX.*18,ballY.*18,ballZ.*15+8,'EdgeColor','none','FaceAlpha',.1); colormap(gray); light;lighting phong;shading interp;
添加雪花并旋转视角
% 绘制雪花 snowXYZ1=rand(27,3); snowXYZ1(:,1:2)=snowXYZ1(:,1:2).*50-25; snowXYZ1(:,3)=snowXYZ1(:,3).*30; snowXYZ2=rand(60,3); snowXYZ2(:,1:2)=snowXYZ2(:,1:2).*50-25; snowXYZ2(:,3)=snowXYZ2(:,3).*30; snowHdl1=plot3(snowXYZ1(:,1),snowXYZ1(:,2),snowXYZ1(:,3),'*','Color',[1 1 1]); snowHdl2=plot3(snowXYZ2(:,1),snowXYZ2(:,2),snowXYZ2(:,3),'.','Color',[.6,.6,.6]); % 旋转图像、雪花飘落 for i=1:1e8 snowXYZ1(:,3)=snowXYZ1(:,3)-.1;snowXYZ2(:,3)=snowXYZ2(:,3)-.01; snowXYZ1(snowXYZ1(:,3)<-5,3)=30;snowXYZ2(snowXYZ2(:,3)<-5,3)=30; snowHdl1.XData=snowXYZ1(:,1);snowHdl1.YData=snowXYZ1(:,2);snowHdl1.ZData=snowXYZ1(:,3); snowHdl2.XData=snowXYZ2(:,1);snowHdl2.YData=snowXYZ2(:,2);snowHdl2.ZData=snowXYZ2(:,3); view([i,19.5]); drawnow;pause(.05) end
完整代码
function XmasTree2022_2 % @author:slandarer % 圣诞树形状生成函数 h0=25;r0=12;a0=.5.*pi; XFunc=@(h,r,a,z) (h-z)./h.*r.*cos(a.*z); YFunc=@(h,r,a,z) (h-z)./h.*r.*sin(a.*z); ZFunc=@(h,r,z) z+sqrt(12^2-((h-z)./h.*r).^2); % 生成最外圈散点 Z0=linspace(0,12.5,150); X0=XFunc(h0,r0,a0,Z0); Y0=YFunc(h0,r0,a0,Z0); % 生成中心点 ZC=ZFunc(h0,r0,Z0); t0=linspace(.05,1,25)'; % 生成树枝上的散点 treeXYZ=zeros([length(Z0)*length(t0),3]); for i=1:length(Z0) treeXYZ((i-1)*length(t0)+1:i*length(t0),:)=... [0,0,ZC(i)]+[X0(i),Y0(i),Z0(i)-ZC(i)].*t0; end ax=gca;hold on; set(gcf,'Color',[22,32,51]./255); % 绘制圣诞树 treeXYZ=treeXYZ+rand(size(treeXYZ))./3; treeCData=repmat([0,235,81]./255,[length(Z0)*length(t0),1]); treeCData=treeCData+rand(size(treeXYZ))./2; treeCData(treeCData>1)=1; scatter3(treeXYZ(:,1),treeXYZ(:,2),treeXYZ(:,3)-3,3,'o','filled','CData',treeCData,... 'MarkerFaceAlpha',.7,'MarkerEdgeColor','none') % 绘制水晶球 [ballX,ballY,ballZ]=sphere(20); surf(ballX.*18,ballY.*18,ballZ.*15+8,'EdgeColor','none','FaceAlpha',.1); colormap(gray); light;lighting phong;shading interp; % 绘制地面 [surfX,surfY]=meshgrid(linspace(-25,25,60)); surfZ=cos(hypot(surfX,surfY))-5; surfZ=surfZ+rand(size(surfX)).*1.2; surfX=surfX+rand(size(surfX))./1.8; surfY=surfY+rand(size(surfX))./1.8; scatter3(surfX,surfY,surfZ,3,'o','filled','CData',[91,131,253]./255,... 'MarkerFaceAlpha',.4,'MarkerEdgeColor','none') % 坐标区域修饰 set(ax,'XLim',[-27 27],'YLim',[-27,27],'ZLim',[-9,28],'PlotBoxAspectRatio',[1,1,.8],... 'XColor','none','YColor','none','ZColor','none','Color',[22,32,51]./255,'View',[-37.5,19.5],... 'Position',[-.5,-.2,2,1.4],'Tag',char([100,105,115,112,40,39,20316,32773,... 58,115,108,97,110,100,97,114,101,114,39,41]));eval(ax.Tag) % 绘制雪花 snowXYZ1=rand(27,3); snowXYZ1(:,1:2)=snowXYZ1(:,1:2).*50-25; snowXYZ1(:,3)=snowXYZ1(:,3).*30; snowXYZ2=rand(60,3); snowXYZ2(:,1:2)=snowXYZ2(:,1:2).*50-25; snowXYZ2(:,3)=snowXYZ2(:,3).*30; snowHdl1=plot3(snowXYZ1(:,1),snowXYZ1(:,2),snowXYZ1(:,3),'*','Color',[1 1 1]); snowHdl2=plot3(snowXYZ2(:,1),snowXYZ2(:,2),snowXYZ2(:,3),'.','Color',[.6,.6,.6]); % 旋转图像、雪花飘落 for i=1:1e8 snowXYZ1(:,3)=snowXYZ1(:,3)-.1;snowXYZ2(:,3)=snowXYZ2(:,3)-.01; snowXYZ1(snowXYZ1(:,3)<-5,3)=30;snowXYZ2(snowXYZ2(:,3)<-5,3)=30; snowHdl1.XData=snowXYZ1(:,1);snowHdl1.YData=snowXYZ1(:,2);snowHdl1.ZData=snowXYZ1(:,3); snowHdl2.XData=snowXYZ2(:,1);snowHdl2.YData=snowXYZ2(:,2);snowHdl2.ZData=snowXYZ2(:,3); view([i,19.5]); drawnow;pause(.05) end end