引子
为什么Jquery能实现不传回调函数也能解绑事件?如下:
$("p").on("click",function(){ alert("The paragraph was clicked."); }); $("#box1").off("click");
事件绑定解绑机制
调用on函数的时候,将生成一份事件数据,结构如下:
{ type: type, origType: origType, data: data, handler: handler, guid: guid, selector: selector, needsContext: needsContext, namespace: namespace }
并将该数据加入到元素的缓存中。jquery中每个元素都可以有一个缓存(只有有需要的时候才生成),其实就是该元素的一个属性。jquery为每个元素的每种事件都建立一个队列,用来保存事件处理函数,所以可以对一个元素添加多个事件处理函数。缓存的结构如下:
"div#box":{ //元素 "Jquery623873":{ //元素的缓存 "events":{ "click":[ { //元素click事件的事件数据 type: type, origType: origType, data: data, handler: handler, guid: guid, selector: selector, needsContext: needsContext, namespace: namespace } ], "mousemove":[ { type: type, origType: origType, data: data, handler: handler, guid: guid, selector: selector, needsContext: needsContext, namespace: namespace } ] } } }
当要解绑事件的时候,如果没指定fn参数,jquery就会从该元素的缓存里拿到要解绑的事件的处理函数队列,从里面拿出fn参数,然后调用removeEventListener进行解绑。
源代码
代码注释可能不太清楚,可以复制出来看
jquery原型中的on,one,off方法:
事件绑定从这里开始
jQuery.fn.extend( { on: function( types, selector, data, fn ) { return on( this, types, selector, data, fn ); }, one: function( types, selector, data, fn ) { return on( this, types, selector, data, fn, 1 ); }, off: function( types, selector, fn ) { //此处省略处理参数的代码 return this.each( function() { jQuery.event.remove( this, types, fn, selector ); } ); } } );
独立出来供one和on调用的on函数:
function on( elem, types, selector, data, fn, one ) { var origFn, type; //此处省略处理参数的代码 //是否是通过one绑定,是的话使用一个函数代理当前事件回调函数,代理函数只执行一次 //这里使用到了代理模式 if ( one === 1 ) { origFn = fn; fn = function( event ) { // Can use an empty set, since event contains the info jQuery().off( event ); return origFn.apply( this, arguments ); }; // Use same guid so caller can remove using origFn fn.guid = origFn.guid || ( origFn.guid = jQuery.guid++ ); } /************************************************ *** jquery将所有选择到的元素到放到一个数组里,然后 *** 对每个元素到使用event对象的add方法绑定事件 *************************************************/ return elem.each( function() { jQuery.event.add( this, types, fn, data, selector ); } ); }
处理参数的代码也可以看一下,实现on("click",function(){})这样调用 on:function(types, selector, data, fn)也不会出错。其实就是内部判断,如果data, fn参数为空的时候,把selector赋给fn
event对象是事件绑定的一个关键对象:
这里处理把事件绑定到元素和把事件信息添加到元素缓存的工作:
jQuery.event = { add: function( elem, types, handler, data, selector ) { var handleObjIn, eventHandle, tmp, events, t, handleObj, special, handlers, type, namespaces, origType, elemData = dataPriv.get( elem ); //这句将检查elem是否被缓存,如果没有将会创建一个缓存添加到elem元素上。形式诸如:elem["jQuery310057655476080253721"] = {} // Don't attach events to noData or text/comment nodes (but allow plain objects) if ( !elemData ) { return; } //用户可以传入一个自定义数据对象来代替事件回调函数,将事件回调函数放在这个数据对象的handler属性里 if ( handler.handler ) { handleObjIn = handler; handler = handleObjIn.handler; selector = handleObjIn.selector; } //每个事件回调函数都会生成一个唯一的id,以后find/remove的时候会用到 if ( !handler.guid ) { handler.guid = jQuery.guid++; } // 如果元素第一次绑定事件,则初始化元素的事件数据结构和主回调函数(main) //说明:每个元素有一个主回调函数,作为绑定多个事件到该元素时的回调的入口 if ( !( events = elemData.events ) ) { events = elemData.events = {}; } //这里就是初始化主回调函数的代码 if ( !( eventHandle = elemData.handle ) ) { eventHandle = elemData.handle = function( e ) { // Discard the second event of a jQuery.event.trigger() and // when an event is called after a page has unloaded return typeof jQuery !== "undefined" && jQuery.event.triggered !== e.type ? jQuery.event.dispatch.apply( elem, arguments ) : undefined; }; } // 处理事件绑定,考虑到可能会通过空格分隔传入多个事件,这里要进行多事件处理 types = ( types || "" ).match( rnotwhite ) || [ "" ]; t = types.length; while ( t-- ) { tmp = rtypenamespace.exec( types[ t ] ) || []; type = origType = tmp[ 1 ]; namespaces = ( tmp[ 2 ] || "" ).split( "." ).sort(); // There *must* be a type, no attaching namespace-only handlers if ( !type ) { continue; } // If event changes its type, use the special event handlers for the changed type special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {}; // If selector defined, determine special event api type, otherwise given type type = ( selector ? special.delegateType : special.bindType ) || type; // Update special based on newly reset type special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {}; // 事件回调函数的数据对象 handleObj = jQuery.extend( { type: type, origType: origType, data: data, handler: handler, guid: handler.guid, selector: selector, needsContext: selector && jQuery.expr.match.needsContext.test( selector ), namespace: namespaces.join( "." ) }, handleObjIn ); // 加入第一次绑定该类事件,会初始化一个数组作为事件回调函数队列,每个元素的每一种事件有一个队列 if ( !( handlers = events[ type ] ) ) { handlers = events[ type ] = []; handlers.delegateCount = 0; // Only use addEventListener if the special events handler returns false if ( !special.setup || special.setup.call( elem, data, namespaces, eventHandle ) === false ) { if ( elem.addEventListener ) { elem.addEventListener( type, eventHandle ); } } } if ( special.add ) { special.add.call( elem, handleObj ); if ( !handleObj.handler.guid ) { handleObj.handler.guid = handler.guid; } } // 加入到事件回调函数队列 if ( selector ) { handlers.splice( handlers.delegateCount++, 0, handleObj ); } else { handlers.push( handleObj ); } // Keep track of which events have ever been used, for event optimization // 用来追踪哪些事件从未被使用,用以优化 jQuery.event.global[ type ] = true; } } };
千万注意,对象和数组传的是引用!比如将事件数据保存到缓存的代码:
handlers = events[ type ] = []; if ( selector ) { handlers.splice( handlers.delegateCount++, 0, handleObj ); } else { handlers.push( handleObj ); }
handlers的改变,events[ type ]会同时改变。
dataPriv就是管理缓存的对象:
其工作就是给元素创建一个属性,这个属性是一个对象,然后把与这个元素相关的信息放到这个对象里面,缓存起来。这样需要使用到这个对象的信息时,只要知道这个对象就可以拿到:
function Data() { this.expando = jQuery.expando + Data.uid++; } Data.uid = 1; //删除部分没用到代码 Data.prototype = { cache: function( owner ) { // 取出缓存,可见缓存就是目标对象的一个属性 var value = owner[ this.expando ]; // 如果对象还没有缓存,则创建一个 if ( !value ) { value = {}; // We can accept data for non-element nodes in modern browsers, // but we should not, see #8335. // Always return an empty object. if ( acceptData( owner ) ) { // If it is a node unlikely to be stringify-ed or looped over // use plain assignment if ( owner.nodeType ) { owner[ this.expando ] = value; // Otherwise secure it in a non-enumerable property // configurable must be true to allow the property to be // deleted when data is removed } else { Object.defineProperty( owner, this.expando, { value: value, configurable: true } ); } } } return value; }, get: function( owner, key ) { return key === undefined ? this.cache( owner ) : // Always use camelCase key (gh-2257) 驼峰命名 owner[ this.expando ] && owner[ this.expando ][ jQuery.camelCase( key ) ]; }, remove: function( owner, key ) { var i, cache = owner[ this.expando ]; if ( cache === undefined ) { return; } if ( key !== undefined ) { // Support array or space separated string of keys if ( jQuery.isArray( key ) ) { // If key is an array of keys... // We always set camelCase keys, so remove that. key = key.map( jQuery.camelCase ); } else { key = jQuery.camelCase( key ); // If a key with the spaces exists, use it. // Otherwise, create an array by matching non-whitespace key = key in cache ? [ key ] : ( key.match( rnotwhite ) || [] ); } i = key.length; while ( i-- ) { delete cache[ key[ i ] ]; } } // Remove the expando if there's no more data if ( key === undefined || jQuery.isEmptyObject( cache ) ) { // Support: Chrome <=35 - 45 // Webkit & Blink performance suffers when deleting properties // from DOM nodes, so set to undefined instead // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=378607 (bug restricted) if ( owner.nodeType ) { owner[ this.expando ] = undefined; } else { delete owner[ this.expando ]; } } }, hasData: function( owner ) { var cache = owner[ this.expando ]; return cache !== undefined && !jQuery.isEmptyObject( cache ); } };
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持毛票票。