Shell脚本实现自动修改IP、主机名等功能分享

作为一名Linux SA，日常运维中很多地方都会用到脚本，而服务器的ip一般采用静态ip或者MAC绑定，当然后者比较操作起来相对繁琐，而前者我们可以设置主机名、ip信息、网关等配置。修改成特定的主机名在维护和管理方面也比较方便。如下脚本用途为：修改ip和主机名等相关信息，可以根据实际需求修改，举一反三！

#!/bin/sh  

#auto Change ip netmask gateway scripts  

#wugk 2012-12-17  

cat <<EOF

++++++++自动修改ip和主机名等相关信息+++++++++ 

ETHCONF=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0  

HOSTS=/etc/hosts  

NETWORK=/etc/sysconfig/network  

DIR=/data/backup/`date +%Y%m%d`  

NETMASK=255.255.255.0  

+++++++++-------------------------+++++++++++ 

EOF  

#Define Path  定义变量，可以根据实际情况修改 

ETHCONF=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0  

HOSTS=/etc/hosts  

NETWORK=/etc/sysconfig/network  

DIR=/data/backup/`date +%Y%m%d`  

NETMASK=255.255.255.0  

echo "================================================"    

echo  

#定义change_ip函数 

function Change_ip ()  

{   

#判断备份目录是否存在，中括号前后都有空格，！叹号在shell表示相反的意思#  

if  

   [ ! -d $DIR ];then  

   mkdir -p $DIR  

fi  

  echo "Now Change ip address ,Doing Backup Interface eth0"  

  cp $ETHCONF $DIR  

  grep "dhcp"  $ETHCONF  

#如下$?用来判断上一次操作的状态，为0，表示上一次操作状态正确或者成功#    

if  

  [ $? -eq 0 ];then  

#read -p 交互输入变量IPADDR，注冒号后有空格，sed -i 修改配置文件# 

  read -p "Please insert ip Address:" IPADDR  

  sed -i 's/dhcp/static/g' $ETHCONF  

#awk -F. 意思是以.号为分隔域，打印前三列# 

  echo -e "IPADDR=$IPADDRnNETMASK=$NETMASKnGATEWAY=`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1"."$2"."$3}'`.254" >>$ETHCONF  

  echo "This IP address Change success !"  

else  

  echo -n  "This $ETHCONF is static exist ,please ensure Change Yes or NO":  

  read i  

fi  

if    

  [ "$i" == "y" -o "$i" == "yes" ];then  

  read -p "Please insert ip Address:" IPADDR  

count=(`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1,$2,$3,$4}'`)   

 #定义数组， ${#count[@]}代表获取变量值总个数# 

A=${#count[@]}  

 #while条件语句判断，个数是否正确，不正确循环提示输入，也可以用[0-9]来判断ip# 

while   

  [ "$A" -ne "4" ]  

do  

  read -p "Please re Inster ip Address,example 192.168.0.11 ip": IPADDR  

count=(`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1,$2,$3,$4}'`)   

A=${#count[@]}  

done  

 #sed -e 可以连续修改多个参数# 

  sed -i -e 's/^IPADDR/#IPADDR/g' -e 's/^NETMASK/#NETMASK/g' -e 's/^GATEWAY/#GATEWAY/g' $ETHCONF 

 #echo -e n为连续追加内容，并自动换行# 

  echo -e "IPADDR=$IPADDRnNETMASK=$NETMASKnGATEWAY=`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1"."$2"."$3}'`.254" >>$ETHCONF  

  echo "This IP address Change success !"  

else  

  echo "This $ETHCONF static exist,please exit"  

  exit $?  

fi 

} 
#定义hosts函数  

############function hosts##############  

function Change_hosts ()  

{  

if  

   [ ! -d $DIR ];then  

   mkdir -p $DIR  

fi  

  cp $HOSTS $DIR  

  read -p "Please insert ip address": IPADDR  

host=`echo $IPADDR|sed 's/./-/g'`  

  cat $HOSTS |grep 127.0.0.1 |grep "$host"  

if  

  [ $? -ne 0 ];then  

  sed -i "s/127.0.0.1/127.0.0.1 $host/g" $HOSTS  

  echo "This hosts change success "  

else  

  echo "This $host IS Exist .........."  

fi  

}

###########fuction network###############  

#定义network函数  

function Change_network ()   

{  

   if  

   [ ! -d $DIR ];then  

   mkdir -p $DIR  

 fi  

  cp $NETWORK $DIR  

  read -p "Please insert ip address": IPADDR  

host=`echo $IPADDR|sed 's/./-/g'`  

  grep "$host" $NETWORK  

   if  

  [ $? -ne 0 ];then  

  sed -i "s/^HOSTNAME/#HOSTNAME/g" $NETWORK  

  echo "NETWORK=$host" >>$NETWORK  

else  

  echo "This $host IS Exist .........."  

  fi  

} 
#PS3一般为菜单提示信息#  

PS3="Please Select ip or hosts Menu":  

#select为菜单选择命令，格式为select $var in ..command.. do .... done    

  select i in  "Change_ip" "Change_hosts" "Change_network" 
do  

#case 方式，一般用于多种条件下的判断  

case $i in   

     Change_ip )  

     Change_ip  

;;  

     Change_hosts )  

     Change_hosts  

;;  

     Change_network )  

     Change_network   

;;  

     *)  

     echo  

     echo "Please Insert $0: Change_ip(1)|Change_hosts(2)|Change_network(3)"  

     echo  

;;  

esac 
done