我的配置是linux 64， android4.2.2的sdk。 实现的细节都在代码注释里了，变量名以及echo的内容也是说明的一部分。
主流程为：
1.检测是否指定端口的模拟器已经运行，若有则关闭
2.创建模拟器
3.启动模拟器
4.用ant build包，通过检查bin目录下有没有apk来确定是否成功
5.检查指定端口的模拟器是否已正常运行
6.用adb安装apk
7.启动apk的activity，让程序自己跑
8.用shell ps循环检测程序是否已退出，若已退出，检查是否sdcard是是否已成功生成报告文件
9.若报告文件不完整，即程序被中止/崩溃，重启activity
10.检测是否超时
#!/bin/bash
# by hursing 2013-10-28
# 指定port，可以不干扰其它正在运行的模拟器。根据sdk文档，port可以在5554至5584之间，最好是偶数
portNumber=5578
emulatorPID=`ps -ef | grep "emulator" | grep "port $portNumber" | awk '{print $2;}'`
if [ -n "$emulatorPID" ]; then
echo "close emulator window"
kill -9 $emulatorPID
fi
# 创建模拟器，force选项能覆盖已存在的模拟器，即sdcard内容也抹掉。echo no是回答不需要自定义硬件配置
echo "create avd"
emulatorName="Test"
echo no | android create avd --name $emulatorName --force --target android-17 --sdcard 300M --abi armeabi-v7a
# 启动模拟器，port选项指定tcp端口。&是另起进程执行
echo "start avd"
emulator -avd $emulatorName -port $portNumber &
# 没有证书签名，所以是debug
echo "build apk"
android update project -p .
ant debug
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "build failed, try again now..."
ant clean
ant debug
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "can NOT build apk!"
exit 5
fi
fi
apkFile=`find ./bin/*.apk | grep -v "unaligned"`
if [ -z "$apkFile" ]; then
echo "no apk file generated!"
exit 7
fi
# wait-for-device能block住脚本直到不显示offline
echo "check emulator ready..."
emulatorSerialNumber="emulator-$portNumber"
ready=`adb devices | grep "$emulatorSerialNumber"`
if [ -z "$ready" ]; then
echo "emulator can NOT launch."
exit 3
else
ready=`adb devices | grep "$emulatorSerialNumber.*offline"`
if [ -n "$ready" ]; then
echo "wait-for-device"
adb -s $emulatorSerialNumber wait-for-device
sleep 10
fi
fi
# 当adb可以安装时，模拟器未必已经初始化完成，还是会失败的，所以要检测error，试3遍。
echo "install apk"
let maxTryTimes=3
while [ $maxTryTimes -gt 0 ]; do
result=`adb -s $emulatorSerialNumber install $apkFile` # 'ant installd' can NOT specify device
check=`echo "$result" | grep -o "Error"`
if [ -z "$check" ]; then
echo "successfully install apk"
break;
else
echo "$result"
echo "install failed, try again after sleeping 10 seconds"
sleep 10
let maxTryTimes-=1
fi
done
if [ $maxTryTimes -eq 0 ]; then
echo "can NOT install apk to emulator."
exit 4
fi
echo "start MainActivity"
activityName="com.hursing.MainActivity"
packageName=`cat AndroidManifest.xml | grep -o "package=".*"" | sed 's/package="//;s/"//'`
adb -s $emulatorSerialNumber shell am start -W -n "$packageName/$activityName"
heartBeat=10
echo "waiting for test finished.check every $heartBeat seconds."
resultFile="/sdcard/result.txt"
successFlag="End at "
sleep $heartBeat
let maxTimeLimit=60*10
while [ $maxTimeLimit -gt 0 ]; do
running=`adb -s $emulatorSerialNumber shell ps | grep $packageName`
if [ -n "$running" ]; then
let maxTimeLimit-=$heartBeat
echo "waiting, sleep another $heartBeat seconds..."
sleep $heartBeat
else
report=`adb -s $emulatorSerialNumber shell cat "$resultFile"`
check=`echo "$report" | grep -o "$successFlag"`
if [ -z "$check" ]; then
echo "app crash, run activity again..."
adb -s $emulatorSerialNumber shell am start -W -n "$packageName/$activityName"
else
echo "app exit normally"
break
fi
fi
done
echo "close emulator window."
kill -9 `ps -ef | grep "emulator" | grep "port $portNumber" | awk '{print $2;}'`
if [ $maxTimeLimit -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Test timeout!"
echo "$report"
exit 9
else
echo "Test Finished!"
echo
echo "$report"
fi
java代码里有一点要注意，如果程序崩溃，弹出了"has stopped”对话框，那么ps还是能查到的，要自己调用
Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler
，在handler里直接System.exit(0)才行。