前言
验证码?我也能破解?
关于验证码的介绍就不多说了,各种各样的验证码在人们生活中时不时就会冒出来,身为学生日常接触最多的就是教务处系统的验证码了,比如如下的验证码:
识别办法
模拟登陆有着复杂的步骤,在这里咱们不管其他操作,只负责根据输入的一张验证码图片返回一个答案字符串。
我们知道验证码为了制作干扰,会把图片弄成五颜六色的样子,而我们首先就是要去除这些干扰,这一步就需要不断试验了,增强图片色彩,加大对比度等等都可以产生帮助。
在经过各种对图片的操作之后,终于找到了比较完美的去除干扰方案。可以看到在去除干扰之后,最优情况下,我们将得到一张十分纯净的黑白字符图片。一张图片上有四个字符,没办法一下子就把四个字符全部识别,需要把图片进行裁剪,裁剪成每张小图只有一个字符的样子,再对每张图片分别进行识别。
接下来就是识别文字了,我们首先把得到的小图转换成01表示的矩阵,每个矩阵代表一个字符。
比如数字六的矩阵
num_6=[ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0, 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0, 0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0, 0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0, 0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0, 0,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0, 0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, ]
远远望过去,眯着眼睛还是能分辨出来的。
因为验证码十分规整,每个数字所在的位置都是固定的,所以并不需要涉及什么机器学习的算法,只是简单的进行一下矩阵的比对就可以了,在所有的实现做好的矩阵中找到相似度最高的矩阵就可以了,在这里的比对方法多种多样,反正数据简单能正确识别出来就好。
至此,咱们的验证码识别工作就结束了。
这次进行的验证码识别主要采用python的PIL进行图片操作,模拟登陆自动填写验证码的全部代码请看这里:
示例代码
# -*- coding: utf-8 -* import sys reload(sys) sys.setdefaultencoding( "utf-8" ) import re import requests import io import os import json from PIL import Image from PIL import ImageEnhance from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import mdata class Student: def __init__(self, user,password): self.user = str(user) self.password = str(password) self.s = requests.Session() def login(self): url = "http://202.118.31.197/ACTIONLOGON.APPPROCESS?mode=4" res = self.s.get(url).text imageUrl = 'http://202.118.31.197/'+re.findall('<img src="(.+?)" width="55"',res)[0] im = Image.open(io.BytesIO(self.s.get(imageUrl).content)) enhancer = ImageEnhance.Contrast(im) im = enhancer.enhance(7) x,y = im.size for i in range(y): for j in range(x): if (im.getpixel((j,i))!=(0,0,0)): im.putpixel((j,i),(255,255,255)) num = [6,19,32,45] verifyCode = "" for i in range(4): a = im.crop((num[i],0,num[i]+13,20)) l=[] x,y = a.size for i in range(y): for j in range(x): if (a.getpixel((j,i))==(0,0,0)): l.append(1) else: l.append(0) his=0 chrr=""; for i in mdata.data: r=0; for j in range(260): if(l[j]==mdata.data[i][j]): r+=1 if(r>his): his=r chrr=i verifyCode+=chrr # print "辅助输入验证码完毕:",verifyCode data= { 'WebUserNO':str(self.user), 'Password':str(self.password), 'Agnomen':verifyCode, } url = "http://202.118.31.197/ACTIONLOGON.APPPROCESS?mode=4" t = self.s.post(url,data=data).text if re.findall("images/Logout2",t)==[]: l = '[0,"'+re.findall('alert((.+?));',t)[1][1][2:-2]+'"]'+" "+self.user+" "+self.password+"n" # print l # return '[0,"'+re.findall('alert((.+?));',t)[1][1][2:-2]+'"]' return [False,l] else: l = '登录成功 '+re.findall('! (.+?) ',t)[0]+" "+self.user+" "+self.password+"n" # print l return [True,l] def getInfo(self): imageUrl = 'http://202.118.31.197/ACTIONDSPUSERPHOTO.APPPROCESS' data = self.s.get('http://202.118.31.197/ACTIONQUERYBASESTUDENTINFO.APPPROCESS?mode=3').text #学籍信息 data = BeautifulSoup(data,"lxml") q = data.find_all("table",attrs={'align':"left"}) a = [] for i in q[0]: if type(i)==type(q[0]) : for j in i : if type(j) ==type(i): a.append(j.text) for i in q[1]: if type(i)==type(q[1]) : for j in i : if type(j) ==type(i): a.append(j.text) data = {} for i in range(1,len(a),2): data[a[i-1]]=a[i] # data['照片'] = io.BytesIO(self.s.get(imageUrl).content) return json.dumps(data) def getPic(self): imageUrl = 'http://202.118.31.197/ACTIONDSPUSERPHOTO.APPPROCESS' pic = Image.open(io.BytesIO(self.s.get(imageUrl).content)) return pic def getScore(self): score = self.s.get('http://202.118.31.197/ACTIONQUERYSTUDENTSCORE.APPPROCESS').text #成绩单 score = BeautifulSoup(score, "lxml") q = score.find_all(attrs={'height':"36"})[0] point = q.text print point[point.find('平均学分绩点'):] table = score.html.body.table people = table.find_all(attrs={'height' : '36'})[0].string r = table.find_all('table',attrs={'align' : 'left'})[0].find_all('tr') subject = [] lesson = [] for i in r[0]: if type(r[0])==type(i): subject.append(i.string) for i in r: k=0 temp = {} for j in i: if type(r[0])==type(j): temp[subject[k]] = j.string k+=1 lesson.append(temp) lesson.pop() lesson.pop(0) return json.dumps(lesson) def logoff(self): return self.s.get('http://202.118.31.197/ACTIONLOGOUT.APPPROCESS').text if __name__ == "__main__": a = Student(20150000,20150000) r = a.login() print r[1] if r[0]: r = json.loads(a.getScore()) for i in r: for j in i: print i[j], print q = json.loads(a.getInfo()) for i in q: print i,q[i] a.getPic().show() a.logoff()
总结
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者使用python能带来一定的帮助,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流,谢谢大家对毛票票的支持。