今天小编给大家分享一下怎么使用python批量修改文本文件编码格式的相关知识点,内容详细,逻辑清晰,相信大部分人都还太了解这方面的知识,所以分享这篇文章给大家参考一下,希望大家阅读完这篇文章后有所收获,下面我们一起来了解一下吧。
使用python批量修改文本文件编码格式
把文本文件的编码格式进行批量幻化,比如ascii, gb2312, utf8等,相互转化,字符集的大小来看,utf8>gb2312>ascii,因此最好把gb2312转为utf8,否则容易出现乱码。
gb2312和utf-8的主要区别:
关于字库规模: UTF-8 > gb2312(utf8字全而gb2312只有汉字)
关于保存大小: UTF-8> gb2312 (utf8更臃肿、加载更慢,gb2312更小巧,加载更快)
关于适用范围:gb2312主要在中国大陆地区使用,是一个本地化的字符集,UTF-8包含全世界所有国家需要用到的字符,是国际编码,通用性强。UTF-8编码的文字可以在各国支持UTF8字符集的浏览器上显示。
import sys import chardet import codecs def get_encoding_type(fileName): '''print the encoding format of a txt file ''' with open(fileName, 'rb') as f: data = f.read() encoding_type = chardet.detect(data) #print(encoding_type) return encoding_type # such as {'encoding': 'GB2312', 'confidence': 0.99, 'language': 'Chinese'} def convert_encoding_type(filename_in, filename_out, encode_in="gb2312", encode_out="utf-8"): '''convert encoding format of txt file ''' #filename_in = 'flash.c' #filename_out = 'flash_gb2312.c' #encode_in = 'utf-8' # 输入文件的编码类型 #encode_out = 'gb2312'# 输出文件的编码类型 with codecs.open(filename=filename_in, mode='r', encoding=encode_in) as fi: data = fi.read() with open(filename_out, mode='w', encoding=encode_out) as fo: fo.write(data) fo.close() # with open(filename_out, 'rb') as f: # data = f.read() # print(chardet.detect(data)) if __name__=="__main__": # fileName = argv[1] # get_encoding_type(fileName) # convert_encoding_type(fileName, fileName) filename_of_files = sys.argv[1] #the file contain full file path at each line with open(filename_of_files, 'rb') as f: lines = f.readlines() for line in lines: fileName = line[:-1] encoding_type = get_encoding_type(fileName) if encoding_type['encoding']=='GB2312': print(encoding_type) convert_encoding_type(fileName, fileName) print(fileName)
补充:python实现文件批量转为utf-8格式
python实现文件批量转为utf-8格式
xml_path = './' with open(xml_path , 'rb+') as f: content = f.read() codeType = detect(content)['encoding'] content = content.decode(codeType, "ignore").encode("utf8") fp.seek(0) fp.write(content)