本文小编为大家详细介绍“Python如何实现获取网页内容及自动填表单与登录功能”,内容详细,步骤清晰,细节处理妥当,希望这篇“Python如何实现获取网页内容及自动填表单与登录功能”文章能帮助大家解决疑惑,下面跟着小编的思路慢慢深入,一起来学习新知识吧。
库
import time import ddddocr
源码
# import threading # 导入threading模块 # from Feishu_SendMsg import * # Identification verification code import time import ddddocr interval = 100 * 60 # def delayCall(): # 定义方法 # SendMsg("选题 快快快!!!") # timer=threading.Timer(interval,delayCall) # 每秒运行 # timer.start() # 执行方法 # if __name__ == '__main__': # # t1=threading.Timer(interval,function=delayCall) # 创建定时器 # t1.start() # 开始执行线程 from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys # SendMsg("自动填表单") options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() options.add_argument('--enable-automation') options.add_argument('--no-sandbox') options.add_argument('--disable-extensions') options.add_argument('--start-maximized') options.add_argument('--disable-infobars') prefs = {"profile.default_content_setting_values.autocomplete_enabled": 2} options.add_experimental_option("prefs", prefs) # SendMsg("创建 Chrome 浏览器实例") # 创建 Chrome 浏览器实例 browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=options) # SendMsg("打开网页") browser.get('www.tttttttt.com') # SendMsg("找到账号和密码框元素并输入指定字符串") username = browser.find_element("name","username") password = browser.find_element("name","userpass") usercode = browser.find_element("name","usercode") img_verifycode = browser.find_element("id","img_verifycode") # SendMsg("自动填充账号密码") username.send_keys("11111") password.send_keys("11111") verifycodeBase64 = img_verifycode.screenshot_as_base64 ocr = ddddocr.DdddOcr() res = ocr.classification(verifycodeBase64) usercode.send_keys(res) # SendMsg(f"识别并填写验证码: {res}") # SendMsg("提交表单") password.send_keys(Keys.RETURN) # SendMsg("登陆: 提交表单")
知识点补充
识别验证码的python 库有很多,用起来也并不简单,ddddocr 库是一个简单实用的识别验证码的库,推荐给大家
ddddocr具体使用方法
import os import ddddocr from time import sleep from PIL import Image from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By class GetVerificationCode: def __init__(self): self.res = None url = '要登录的地址' self.driver = webdriver.Chrome() self.driver.maximize_window() # 将浏览器最大化 self.driver.get(url) # 获取验证码信息 def getVerification(self): # 获取当前文件的位置、并获取保存截屏的位置 current_location = os.path.dirname(__file__) screenshot_path = os.path.join(current_location, "..", "VerificationCode") # 截取当前网页并放到自定义目录下,并命名为printscreen,该截图中有我们需要的验证码 sleep(1) self.driver.save_screenshot(screenshot_path + '//' + 'printscreen.png') sleep(1) # 定位验证码 imgelement = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码图片的Xpath定位') # 获取验证码x,y轴坐标 location = imgelement.location # 获取验证码的长宽 size = imgelement.size # 写成我们需要截取的位置坐标 rangle = (int(location['x'] + 430), int(location['y'] + 200), int(location['x'] + size['width'] + 530), int(location['y'] + size['height'] + 250)) # 打开截图 i = Image.open(screenshot_path + '//' + 'printscreen.png') # 使用Image的crop函数,从截图中再次截取我们需要的区域 fimg = i.crop(rangle) fimg = fimg.convert('RGB') # 保存我们截下来的验证码图片,并读取验证码内容 fimg.save(screenshot_path + '//' + 'code.png') ocr = ddddocr.DdddOcr() with open(screenshot_path + '//' + 'code.png', 'rb') as f: img_bytes = f.read() self.res = ocr.classification(img_bytes) print('识别出的验证码为:' + self.res) # 判断验证码错误时的提示信息是否存在 def isElementPresent(self, by, value): try: element = self.driver.find_element(by=by, value=value) except NoSuchElementException: pass # 发生了NoSuchElementException异常,说明页面中未找到该元素,返回False return False else: # 没有发生异常,表示在页面中找到了该元素,返回True return True # 登录 def login(self): self.getVerification() self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '用户名输入框Xpath定位').send_keys('用户名') self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '密码输入框Xpath定位').send_keys('密码') self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码输入框Xpath定位').send_keys(self.res) sleep(1) self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '登录按钮Xpath定位').click() sleep(2) isFlag = True while isFlag: try: isPresent = self.isElementPresent(By.XPATH, '验证码错误时的提示信息Xpath定位') if isPresent is True: codeText = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码错误时的提示信息Xpath定位').text if codeText == "验证码不正确": self.getVerification() sleep(2) self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码输入框Xpath定位').clear() sleep(1) self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码输入框Xpath定位').send_keys(self.res) sleep(1) self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '登录按钮Xpath定位').click() sleep(2) tips = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '未输入验证码时的提示信息Xpath定位').text if tips == "请输入验证码": self.getVerification() sleep(2) self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码输入框Xpath定位').click() sleep(1) self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '验证码输入框Xpath定位').send_keys(self.res) sleep(1) self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '登录按钮Xpath定位').click() sleep(2) continue else: print("验证码正确,登录成功!") except NoSuchElementException: pass else: isFlag = False sleep(5) self.driver.quit() if __name__ == '__main__': GetVerificationCode().login()
识别结果